Topic of the day-Employment

What

1.When person is contributing to the development of the country and that contribution is officially calculated for eg-govt job is employment but housewife work at home is not though demand to include it under employment is also there

Need

1.Providing various service to people which all cant b fulfilled by person themselves----demand

2.Other person has similar service as required by others---supply for eg--person having some disease may not be able to treat it themselves due to lack of knowledge but doctor who has that skill can treat that person---thus a matvh btw supply and demand

3.such exchange of service to met other demand is interacted by exchange of money, which enable person to buy other service or prpduct that person need

4.Thus employment is necessary for the survival of human being if doesn't get money from some other source

Benefit

Immediate

1.Provide basic need of life

2.Help in development of nation

3.Social Status

4.Social interaction

5.Help in mental exercise on daily basis

6.utilising human energy in productice sense which otherwise could be used in non-productive sphere

Indirect

1.Poverty red

2 Health professional need

3.Make in india suppprt

4.Inclusive Growth

Demographic Dividend

What?

1.Positive advantage of the country in the form of majority of people under working age --which has the potential to convert that into productive benefit for the country

Present status

1.Region--more in central India

2.Gender--inc more in women ---but women oriented job is not developing at that rate

Issue

1.Quality of dividend

2.Skills--3% whereas in developed countries it is above 80%

3.Employment---need is 10 million every year but creation of job is less thab 2 million

4.Health---50% children are malnourished

5 Education---Quality of education--is less---recebt survey tells that 5th class student cant read the books of level of class 2nd.

Challenges in taking advantage of demographic dividend

Supply issue---above stated

Demand issue---

1.Agriculture stagnated---disguised unemployment

2.Manufacturing---not growing as per the requirement, msme is not growing much which creates max job, automation

3.Service--global env changing-us stand, automation, skills are not the level which is required today etc

Environment

1.Policies---ease of dng business, spending on health and education

2.emphasis on traditional sector like cotton but nt on new tourism

Ways

Improve supply

Improve demand--fdi, ease of dng improvement, more encourement to starrup msme, more emphasis on emerging sector like hospitaluty etc

Env--fund, tech